Angostura trifoliata, Galipea officinalis     Angostura  Family: Rutaceae        
Indigenous to Venezuela, with other species growing on other parts of South America. The mixer drink "Angostura Bitters" no longer contains Angostura, but is made from Gentian and other bitters.
PART USED: Bark
TASTE: Bitter ODOR: Musty
ACTIONS
1. Aromatic bitter, tonic, stimulant.[1]
2. In larger doses- carthartic and emetic.[1]
3. Antidiarrheal, febrifuge.[1]
PREPARATIONS
Powdered bark 0.3-1 g.[1]
Lilquid Extract 0.3-2 ml.[1]
Concentrated Infusion of Cusparia BPC 1934 2-4 ml.[1]

DESCRIPTION: The bark is slightly curved or quilled, in pieces about 3 mm thick ,with thin laminae on the inner surfave, yellowish-grey, externally, outer layer sometimes soft and spongy. Transverse section dark brown.

References
[1] Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations  R.C. Wren Revised by Elizabeth M. Williamson and Fred J Evans. First published in Great Britain in 1988 and reprinted in 1989 and 1994 by the C. W. Daniel Company Limited. 1 Church Path, Saffron Walden Essex. Published 1988 Printed and bound by Biddles, Guildford ISBN 085207 1973.
Images
1. tipdisease.com

Inner Path can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally

Constituents
Bitter principles, known as angostura bitters 1 and 2, which are unstable glucopyranosylcyclopentane derivatives.[2] Alkaloids, including cusparine, cuspareine, galipine, galipoline, galipolidine, galipidine, quinaldine.[2] Volatile oil about 1-2% containing galipene and cadinene

Research
The alkaloids have been demonstrated to have antispoasmodic properties and to affect respiration in dogs.[1]

References
[1] Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients used in Food Drugs and Cosmetics, Albert Y. Leung. Pub. John Wiley & Sons Inc (1980) N
[2] Brieskorn, C. H. and Beck, V. (1971) Phytochem. 10, 3205
[3] Fenaroli's Handb ook of Flavor Ingredients, Vol 1. 2nd Ed. Pub CRC Press (1975).